Automatic positive-feed clutch for drilling machines



Oct. 23, 1928.

' D. C. KLAUSMEYER AUTOMATIC POSITIVE FEED CLUTCH FOR DRILLING IACHINES ed Aug. 25. 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 NVENTOR ATTCRNEY Oct. 23, 1928. 1,688,547 7 D. c.- KLAUSMEYER AUTOMATIC; POSITIVE FE ED GLUTGH FOR DRILLING IACH'IQES Filed Aug. 25 1921 4Sheats-Sheet 2 a O IIN \IENTOR MQM ATTORNEY Oct. 23,- 1928. 1,688,547

'. D. c. KLAU'SMEYER 4 AUTOMATIC POSITIVE FEED CLUTCH FOR DRILLING MACHINES Fi 3 25. 192;. tweets-sheet 3 I A "7 ,I, a

. Ix/Hr I 8 $1 50 Mir? v as 39 40 ,5 4|

' ATTORNEY Oct. 23, 1928.

D. c. KLAUSMEYER AUTOMATIC POSITIVE FEED CLUTCH FOR DRILLING MACHINES Filed Aug. 25, 1921 4 Sheets-She et 4 v 'NTOR ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 23, 1928.-

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIcE.

DAVID C. KLAUSMEYER, F CINCINNATI, OHIO. ASSIGNOB TO THE CINCINNATI IBICK- FORD TOOL COMPANY, OF OAKLEY, CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

AUTOMATIC POSITIVE-FEED CIJ/UTCH FOR DRILLING- MACHINES.

Application filed August 25, 1921. Serial 110. 495,396.

tends to creep or slip more or less under the i 16 driving torque and reverse strains of the tooling operation, with the consequence that the precision of the original setting becomes impaired; especially in the case of heavy work. Also, such impositive devices necessi-- 20 tate considerable adjusting throughout their period of usage and, when clamped, -consid-.

erable-pressure and extent of movement is demanded of the releasing element; all of which mitigates against the sensitiveness of the mechanism to the automatic tripping actions.

Unlike such prior arrangements, the instrumentality now proposed is not only positive in action and quite free from any possibility of slipping but also admits of being set accurately to determine the depth of feed. The releasing of a conventional type of positive clut"h can take place very easily indeed so long as it is not carrying loads but when such is the case, the friction between the teeth may be very pronounced and s uflicient to interfere with the quick release. The unique arrangement proposed hereby is, however, quite free from such drag inasmuch as the pressure angles of the engaging teeth with relation to the path of movement of the retreatable pawl is such that the pawl tends automatically to disengage itself and to do so more quickly as the load is increased.

In certain species of depth gauges, it is customary to have a single operating lever for purposes of adjustment. It is, however, frequently desirable to employ twin levers for insuring ease of manipulation and a more forcible control. The use of twin levers, however, requiresthat the associated elements shall act precisely in unison and shall be equally effective in establishing the tooth-engagement of the clutch, otherwise but one of the pawls would be functioning. The object of this invention is to provide adjusting means entirely compatible in character with the nature of the other elements and capable of insuring a very refined and accurate adjustment so that-the several engaging pawls will interfit in an absolutely identical manner with the serrated runway of the female clutch member.

Other objects and advantages will be in part indicated in the following description and in part rendered apparent therefrom in connection with the annexed drawings.

To enable others skilled in the art so fully to apprehend the underlyingfeatures hereof that'they may embody the same in the various ways contemplated by this invention, drawings depicting a preferred typical construction have been annexed as a part of this disclosure and, in such drawings, like characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout all the views, of which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation showing a radialdrill having a radial arm carrying a spindlehead having a depth-gauge embodying this invention. Fig. 2 is a section showing the non-adjustable limit trip and the independent automatic adjustable trip; said section being taken in two angular planes along line 2 -2 of Fig. 3 the one being horizontal and normal to the spindle. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through line\3'3 of Fig. 2

showing the unique pawl-engagement adapted to sustain as much torquein the one direction as in the other. Fig. 4 is a radial section through line 4-4 of Fig. 3 showing further details in the conformation of the elements. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the adjustable dial. Fig.- 6 is a detail of the dog fixed to the adjustable dial for automatically limiting the feed of the spindle at any predetermined depth. Fig. '7 is a sectional detail showing the non-adjustable limittrip for preventing the spindle from being fed beyond the capacity of the machine. Fig. 8 is a development of the self-releasing pawl.

The operative elements of this mechanism are appropriately mounted in a suitable frame which will be shaped and positioned according to the usage contemplated.v In the embodiment presented by the drawings, this frame constitutes the head of a drill by the standard or column.

' by some appropriate means, such as the rack G. The purpose-of this sleeve is to determine the vertical position of a spindle B which, at its lower end, carries the drillpoint and which is suitably rotated by means of gears (not shown) located in the upper portion of the head 1 and suitably encased thereby and connected by transmission elements with the prime-mover which may, of course, be located anywhere on the machine. The sleeve G is accordingly shouldered at its ends with respect to the spindle so as to. prevent any relative longitudinal movement between the sleeve and the spindle; thereby enabling the sleeve to carry the spindle with it during its longitudinal translation. Being journaled within the sleeve, the spindle may be rotated continuously (in all positions of the sleeve) by the source of power and its rate of feed is determined by change-gears also deriving motion from said power and using such motion to effect the travel of the sleeve. The 'sleeve is propelled by a shaft F carrying a pinion F that is in mesh with a rack G secured to the sleeve; thereby accomplishing a feed of the spindle.

To rotatably support the shaft F, the head 1 is provided at its rear with a hushed journal 3 and it has a forwardly projecting hub 4 in which is journaled the hub 5 of a wormwheel D which, through clutch-mechanism to be hereinafter explained, transmits its motion to the shaft F. The forward end of this shaft is journaled at 6 within the bore of the hub 5 and is thereby further positioned. t

In orderto accommodate the clutch-mechanism and to provide a mounting for cer-.

tain operating devices and adjustments therefor, the head A is made in two parts of which the outer is denoted by 7 and is p-rovided with a journal 8 within which the annular flange 9 of the worm-gear D is journaled. The outer portion 7 of the head A also provides a circular seat 10 on. which rides an adjustable ring A having its outer-' most margin 11 provided with a scale of graduations 12 which are so proportioned as to indicate accurately the arc of revolution of an indicator 13 corresponding to the feed in fractions of an inch of the spindle.

The graduated ring A rides freely .on

groove 27 cut along (and is concentrically positioned by) the peripheral portion 14 of a block F which is secured to the shaft F by means of a key 15, as shown-by Fig. 3. This ring is retaincd against being displaced outwardly by diametrically located clips 16 and 17. The clip 16 is held in place by a screw-bolt 18; there being sufiicient clearance to permit the ring freely to turn so far as clip 16 is concerned. Clip 17, however, is held in place by a. bolt 19 terminating in a squared end to which is attached a clamp-lever 20, as shown by Fig. 5, so that the user may, by releasing this lever, turn the ring A to any desired initial position. Clip 17 has an inturned lip 21 which exerts pressure against the ring and holds it from turning when the bolt 19 is tightened.

The power for feeding the spindle (through the rack G and pinion F) is derived from a shaft C which is suitably journaled in the head and which carries a worm 22 (see Fig. 1) meshing with the teeth 23 of the worm-Wheel D; thereby maintaining the worm-wheel D in a continuous state of rotation so long as the spindle B is maintained in a state of rotation. Since the feeding of a spindle is'accomplished through the shaft. F and through the block F affixed thereto, a clutch-like mechanism is resorted to for the purpose of stopping and starting the rotations of the shaft F in a predetermined manner by means of an instrumentality. about to be described.

This clutch is what may be termed adial-clutch and embodies automatic means whereby it will be opened after rotating through a predetermined angular movement governed by the setting of an adjustable stop. It also operates in conjunction with one or more fixed stops which arenot adjustable and which determine the absolute limits of movement of the mechanism. The clutch is furthermore so designed that the user of the machine can manually feed the spindle up to the point from which it is to be advanced by power through the distance determined by the setting of the adjustable stop. Thus, should it be desired to drill into a casting only'to a certain depth, the dial-clutch is set for that depth and the drill-point is moved by hand until it touches the casting; whereupon the power is thrown in. v

The'fixed stop is provided to prevent the machine from being used beyond its capaccomprises a contact surface 24 which may be in the nature of a wedgeadapted to coact with a complementary contact surface 25 .ity and is shown best by Figs. 2 and 7 and on a shiftable member 26 in the nature at an elongated key splined in a longitidinal the periphery of the shaft F. The contact surface 25 may I "eniently be formed on a block 28 which,

as by means of a screw 29, is appropriately fixed to the translatable rack G which moves as a unit with the sleeve G. hen the sleeve G has moved upwardly or downwardly to its full permissible extent, the co-action between the contact surfaces 24 and 25 (there being preferably two such surfaces 24, the one near the upper and the other near the lower end of the rack G) will cause the pin 26 to be thrust outwardly, with the result that it will disengage the clutch. The mechanism, whereby this is accomplished, comprises a lever H which is pivoted, by a. pin 30, within a radial slot 31 cut in the outer face of the block F The pin 26 passes through the bore of the block F 2 and terminates adjacent the end 32 of the lever H so that it may press against and thus swing said lever about its pivot 30. The shaft F is provided with a center socket 33 in which slides a cam-block J having on its outer extremity a number of rack-teeth 34 meshing with a gear-segment 35 formed on the endv of the lever H. This block J is provided with a seat 36 against which rests (when the clutch is closed) the end of a thrustrod K mounted in a radial aperture 37 provided by the block F The outer endof the thrust-rod K preferably bears against a set-screw 38 which is, screw-threaded to the free end of the pawl-lever E." There being a plurality of these elements, but one need be described but, inasmuch as they act simultaneously and must therefore accurately coincide in their effective positions, it is highly desirable to employ some adjusting means such as that exemplified by the setscrew 38. To maintain the adjustment, it is likewise desirable to provide some means for locking the set-screw against working loose. To that end, aplate 39 may be screw threaded to the outer end of the set-screw 38 and may be provided with clamping screws 40 and 41 whereby it may be pressed firmly towards the end of the lever E. Provision for effecting an adjustment as aforesaid, without dismantling the mechanism, is had by reason of a slot 42 cut in the periphcry of the annular ring A. By turning either said ring A or the shaft F, the screws, aforesaid, may in succession be brought into coincidence with said opening 42 and a screw-driver may thereupon be used for the purpose of making such adjustment as may be necessary.

The features of construction more especially related to the clutch-elements present certain unique points of advantage with re- I spect to the facility of disengagement (even though a heavy torque. is being transmitted) and with respect to the avoidance of all creep during the period of power-feed. When the central cam block J isin the position shown by Fig. 2, the parts mentioned will positively maintain the serrated pawl E in engagement with the counter-serrated inner periphery of the power-driven member D. This pawl is pivoted to a pin 43 mounted in the block F 2; the pawl being located in a slot 44 in sa'd block, as shown best by Fig. 4, so as to keep it in alignment. The free end of the pawl is provided with serrations 45, the facets of which are sloped at an angle greater than the so called angle of repose, i. e., with respect to the radius line from the facet to the center of oscillation of the pawl. The serrat ons 46011 the annular inner face of the power-driven member D are accurately complementary to the serrations on the pawl E and these serrations are sufficiently minute to permit the indicator 13 to be set opposite any one of the subdivisions 12 on the adjustable ring A, or at least as near thereto may be necessary within the limits of precision of the depth-feed.

' It will be seen that this clutch virtually responds to the close-setting property of a simple friction-clutch without being subject to the unavoidable creep of a frictionclutch. Likewise that it is (through the cooperation of the block J) precisely as positive as a dog-tooth type of clutch but without being restricted to the unduly coarsesetting necessities of a conventional type of positive clutch.

By reason of the angularity of the facets (which affords an easy engagement of the pawl) and of the off-set location of its pivot 43-, the pawl E is self-releasing in nature but this tendency is positively restrained by reason of the thrust-elements J, K, 38 and the lever E Wh ch, being longer than the arm of the pawl E, compounds the pressure and prevents the pawl from accidentally releasing even though heavy torque is being transmitted.

When, through the action of the limit trip 26, or otherwise, the block J is withdrawn, the depression 47 comes into registry with the inner end of the thrust-plunger K and permits it to retreat and thus enable the pawl E to disengage. In using this mechanism, it is desirable to effect this disengagement by hand to enable the shaft F to be turned to its zero po nt with respect to the work. A hand-lever 48 is therefore provided on the lever H and, likewise another duplicate hand-lever 49 may extend from the companion lever H. By manipulating these hand-grasps, the block F and shaft F (which constitute a follower; regarding the.

membersD and D as the driver) may be retated after the pawl has been released. To facilitate the release, a spring 50 may press against the arm E and keep the pawl clear of the serrations during the'period of adjustment.

Having thus brought the drill-point barely into contact with the work, the user will shift the ring A until its" graduations" denote the depth of feed desired; whereupon the ring will be clamped in place. This ring has secured to it a block 51 providing bev- 53 of the lever H may abut during the powerfeed, with the result that the lever will be tripped automatically and the clutch disen gaged accurately at the end of the predetermined travel.

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of this invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various utilizations by retaining one or more of the essential characteristics of either the generic or. specific aspects of this invention, and, therefore,

such adaptations should be, and are intended to be, comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalency of the following claims.

Having thus revealed this invention, I cla m as new and desire to secure the following combinations and elements, 'or equivalents thereof, by Letters Patent/ of the United States 1. A machine-tool combining a translatable sleeve; .a spindle rotatively affixed,

able sleeve; a spindle journaled there through; a transmission for feeding said sleeve; a clutch in series with said transmission and comprising a member having a serrated annular path and a pivoted pawl having a serrated face engaging said annular path; and means positively to force said pawl into engagement with said serrated path to effect a positive feed of said sleeve.

3. A machine-tool combining a member adapted to be fed and retracted; and a propelling clutch therefor'romprising a pawl and a member each having a first series of facets inclined in one direction and a second series of facets inclined in another direction, said pawl being pivoted in off-set relation to its effective contact with said member; impositive means urging said pawl out of contact; and manual means for positively retaining said pawl in contact.

4. A machine-tool combining a translatable sleeve; a spindle journaled therethrough; a transmission for feeding said sleeve; and a clutch in series with said trans mission and comprising a member having a serrated annular path; a pivoted pawl having a serrated face engaging said annular said pawl. elled cam-surfaces 52 against which the dog path; and ineans acting directly on said pawl for normally prohibiting a retreat of 5. A machine-tool combining a member adapted to be fed and retracted; means for moving said member in opposite directions,

said means comprising a propelling clutch comprising a pawl; a member cooperating with said pawl andhaving a first series of effective facets inclined in one direction and a second series of effective facets inclined in another direction, said pawl being pivoted in off-set relation to its effective contact with said member; and means for normally prohibiting a release of said pawl.

6. A stop mechanism for drilling-machines combining a rotating spindle; a rotating worm-wheel; a transmission from the latter for translating the former; a toothed clutch in series withsaid transmission, said clutch comprising an'annular serrated member and symmetrically located elements engageable therewith; manual means for determining the effect of said elements; adjusting means for enabling each of said elements to be equally effective; and an adjustable stop for automatically opening said clutch after said spindle has been fed a predetermined distance. a

7. A stop-mechanism for drillingmachines combining a spindle-shifting sleeve; a feed-shaft therefor; a lever for manually turning said shaft; a toothed power-driven member; a toothed clutch-element adapted to be controlled by said lever to establish a positive propelling relation between said member and said shaft; and means concentric with said shaft for actuating said clutch elements and for I positively holding said clutch-element in operative position after the manipulation of said lever.

' 8. A sto mechanism for drilling-machines com ining a rotating spindle; a rotating worm-wheel; a transmission from the latter for translating the former; a toothed clutch in series with said transmission, said clutch comprising an annular member and symmetrically located independent elements engageable therewith; manual means for determining the effect of said elements; and adjusting means for enabling each of said elements to be equally effective.

9. A stop-mechanism for. drilling-ma chines combining a spindle-shifting sleeve; a propelling shaft arranged transversely thereto; a rack and pinion connection between said sleeve and said shaft; a powerdriven member co-axial with said shaft, said member being provided with a serrated internal annular wall; a second member mounted co-axial with said shaft and held against rotation relative thereto; a clutch lever fulcrumed upon said second member and provided with a serrated portion adapted to cooperate with said serrated annular wall; resilient means for normally holding said lever out of engagement with said wall; and positively acting means to overcome said resilient means to establish a positive driving connection between said power-driven member and said second member.

10. A stop-mechanism for machine-tools combining a work-carrier; a tool-carrier; and power-driven means for effecting a relative movement between said carriers to cause thetool to penetrate the work, said means embodying a manually-operated dial-clutch effective in opposite directions of rotation providing an internal annular series of conversely-raked teeth, a pivoted pawl having a serrated face engageable therewith and acting upon opposite sides of said teeth in opposite directions of rotation; and means acting directly on said pawl to prevent the latter from being forced out of engagement by the torque transmitted by said means.

11. In a. mechanism of the nature disclosed, a first member having a finely serrated annular face; a second member concentric therewith; a serrated clutch-element on said second member; a thrust-part on said second member for holding said element in engagement with the serrations of said face; an axially shiftable block co-axial with said second member for controlling said thrustpart; a hand-grasp for manually turning said second-member, said hand-graspbeing also connected with said block to determine its position; and trip mechanism for automatically effecting a disengagement of said clutch-element.

12. In a stop-mechanism, a power-driver; a follower; a self-releasing clutch comprising complemental toothed elements therebetween; manual means on said follower, said means comprising a block shiftable coaxially with said follower and adapted to be set to prevent a release of said clutchelements; and an adjustable trip for automatically causing said block to be shifted to enable said clutch-elements to become released.

13. A dial-clutch comprising a powerdriven member having an annular face; a follower; a number of mating clutch-elements for establishing a positive driving connection between said follower and said member; manual means for releasing and engaging said elements and for turning said follower independently of said member; and means for adjusting the relation of said elements to said manual-means whereby they may be operated precisely in synchronism.

14.1% dial-clutch comprising a powerdriven member having an annular face; a

follower; a number of mating clutch-ele-v ments for establishing a positive driving connection between said follower and said a member; manual means for releasing and engaging said elements and for turning said follower independently of said member; means for adjusting the relation of said elements to said manual-means whereby they may be operated precisely in synchronism; and an adjustable trip for automatically disengaging said elements after said member has rotated said follower through a predetermined circular are.

15. In a stop-mechanism, a sleeve to be translated; a power-driven rotary member having a serrated annular surface; a follower; an operative connection between said follower and said sleeve whereby the sleeve is translated by rotary movement of said follower; a plurality of members carried by said follower each having a portion engaging said serrated surface at opposite sides ofthe axis thereof; manually actuated means positively to lock said members in engagement 'with said serrated surface to effect positive rotation of said follower with said rotary member; and automatic means to render said lock ineffective when said sleeve has received a predetermined axial movement.

16. In a stop-mechanism, a sleeve to be translated; a power-driven rotary member having a serrated annular surface; a follower; an operative connection between said follower and said sleeve to translate the latter by rotation ofthe former; a positive driving connection between said rotary memher and said follower said connection comprising a pawl pivoted to said follower and having a serrated portion in the plane of said serrated annular surface and adapted to engage therewith to transmit rotary motion to said follower; an extension on said pawl'extending beyond said serrated portion and maintained at one side of the plane of said serrated annular surface; and means acting upon said extension to prevent disengagement of said serrated portion from said serrated annular surface;

17. In a stop-mechzinismfa sleeve to be translated; a power-driven rotary member having a serrated annular surface; a follower; an operative connection between said follower and said sleeve to translate the latter by rotation of the former; a. positive driving connection between said rotary memher and said follower said connection comprising a pawl pivoted intermediate its ends to said follower and provided at one side of said pivot with a portion adapted to engage said serrated annular surface to transmit rotary motion to said follower and provided at the opposite side of said pivot with an arm; resilient means acting on said arm and tending to disengage said pawl from said serrated annular surface; and means adapted to act in opposition to said resilient means to positively maintain said pawl ,in engagement with said serrated surface.

.IHII

18. In a stop-mechanism, a sleeve to be said follower; yielding means tending to distranslated; a power-driven rotary member connect said pawl from said member; posihaving a serrated annular surface; a foltive means acting in opposition to said yieldlowerfan operativewconn'ection between said ing meanst0 maintain a driving connection 5 follower and said sleeve to translate the latbetween said member and said pawl; and ter by rotation of the former; a positive means to regulate the effective action of said driving connection between said rotary mempositive means, said last named means being ber and said follower said connection comad'ustablethrongh apertures in said casing. prising a pawl carried by'said follower and in witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe 20 10 adapted to establish a positive drive, in my name.

reverse directions, between said member-and DAVID C. KLAUSMEYER. 

